Dog Constipation? Here’s how to fix it

A constipated dog is no fun for anyone. When your dog has trouble going number two, it can cause stress for you—and constipation can be uncomfortable, painful, and even dangerous for your pup. If you are concerned that your dog might be constipated, here’s exactly what to do.

Is My Dog Constipated? 4 Central Symptoms

Much like in humans, constipation is not a difficult condition to diagnose in dogs. There are four central symptoms of constipation in pups:

1. It’s been two days or longer and your dog hasn’t had a bowel movement.
2. Your dog seems to have trouble going number two or yelps and cries when defecating (also known as Dyschezia.
3. Your dog’s poop is very hard, dry, and crumbly.
4. Your dog is only able to pass small amounts of liquid or bloody stool.

What Should I Do If My Dog is Constipated?

The best thing to do when your dog can’t go to the bathroom is to try to treat the most common causes first. If it’s been less than three days and your dog doesn’t seem to be in serious pain, try these solutions:

1. Snack on pumpkin or fig. Most dogs enjoy the taste of the superfood pumpkin and it’s a great source of dietary fiber, which has shown to alleviate both constipation and diarrhea. Try feeding your dog pureed pumpkin or making one of these healthy pumpkin treats. One study, published in 2011, found that naturally high-fiber fig paste was also able to alleviate constipation in Beagles.
2. Fill up the water bowl. Make sure your dog is properly hydrated by giving him plenty of water to get the bowels going.
3. Get active. Physical movement can help lead to bowel movement, so take your dog for a little jog, head to the dog park, go for a brisk walk, or try a dog-friendly workouts.

If these methods don’t work, or if your dog hasn’t pooped in more than two to three days, it’s time to consult your veterinarian. They can rule out underlying issues and may recommend:

• Stool softeners or laxatives
• Enemas (only to be administered by a professional)
• Prescription medications
• Further diagnostic tests if a more serious condition is suspected

Ways to Prevent Dog Constipation

To prevent constipation in dogs, consider implementing these strategies:

• Provide a balanced, high-fiber diet appropriate for your dog’s needs.
• Ensure constant access to fresh, clean water to maintain proper hydration.
• Establish a regular exercise routine with daily walks or playtime to stimulate bowel movements.
• Maintain a healthy weight for your dog
• Restrict access to indigestible items like gravel, dirt, and plants that could cause blockages.
• Schedule regular veterinary check-ups to catch and address potential health issues early.
• Consider adding fiber-rich foods like pumpkin puree (100% pure, not pie filling) to your dog’s diet.
• For older dogs, discuss with your vet about switching to a higher fiber diet.
• Avoid giving your dog bones, which can cause digestive blockages.
• Have  your dog neutered at an early age to prevent prostate growth, which can lead to constipation.
• Groom your dog regularly to prevent matting around the anus. 
• If your dog is on medication, discuss potential side effects with your vet and how to manage them. 

What Causes Dog Constipation?

There are many reasons that your dog might be straining to defecate. However, the most common reasons are linked to diet, hydration, and activity level.

• Diet: Too little or too much fiber in your dog’s diet.
• Dehydration: Your dog isn’t drinking enough water.
• Lack of exercise: Your dog is too sedentary.

If it’s only been a few days and your pet doesn’t appear to be in pain, it’s likely due to one of those three reasons, which means it can easily be both treated and prevented. However, constipation can also signal a more serious condition. Less common reasons for dog constipation include …

• Blockages caused by your dog eating indigestible items like corn cobs, kitty litter, gravel, and dirt.
• Self-grooming to the extent that too much fur is digested, causing a blockage.
• Stress created by dramatic changes or negative issues in your dog’s environment.
• Tumors in our around the digestive tract, rectum, or anus that physically prevent stool from passing.
• Enlarged prostate, which pushes on the rectum, caused by Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, cysts, infection, or, in rare cases, cancer.
• Medications, which list constipation as a potential side effect.
• Anal sac disorders.
• Hypothyroidism (aka low thyroid hormone production).
• Orthopedic issues, especially around the pelvis, which can make it painful or impossible for your dog to squat.

Can Dog Constipation Be Dangerous?

While occasional mild constipation is common, be alert for signs of more serious conditions. Severe constipation, known as obstipation, can lead to megacolon—a condition where the colon becomes enlarged and unable to function properly. This may require surgical intervention.

Always consult your veterinarian if constipation persists for more than a few days or is accompanied by other concerning symptoms.

Remember, a healthy dog is a regular dog! By focusing on a balanced diet, proper hydration, and regular exercise, you can help keep your furry friend’s digestive system running smoothly.

The Ollie blog is devoted to helping pet parents lead healthier lives with their pups. If you want to learn more about our fresh, human-grade food, check out MyOllie.com.